Efficiency of production and processing of rapeseed for biodiesel in Ukraine
Abstract
Purpose. The purpose of the study is the discovering factors for increasing yield and efficiency of the development of rapeseed cultivation; generalization of foreign and domestic experience in the production and processing of rapeseed into biodiesel; substantiation of parameters of economic efficiency of production and processing of rapeseed into biodiesel by factories of various capacities in enterprises of Ukraine.
Methodology / approach. The following scientific methods were used in the study: historical-and-logical for analyzing the dynamics of the development of rapeseed cultivation in Ukraine; system approach – study of connections between phenomena and processes of economic activity of enterprises; monographic – summarizing advanced domestic and foreign experience of the researched topic; series of dynamics – study of trends and regularities in the development of rapeseed cultivation; grouping – study of the influence of the main factors on the development of rapeseed cultivation; calculation-constructive – forecasting the development of rapeseed cultivation; economic-mathematical – optimization of efficiency parameters of biodiesel production from rapeseed; abstract-logical – the formation of theoretical and production processes, conclusions and proposals regarding the production and processing of rapeseed into biodiesel.
Results. Rapeseed production in Ukraine for 1990–2021 was analyzed. The impact of productivity on the efficiency of rapeseed production was determined. The productivity and efficiency of rapeseed production are increased by: introduction of innovative cultivation technologies; selection of hybrid seeds; implementation of recommended measures to combat diseases, pests and weeds. It was found that during the analyzed period, 92 % of the rapeseed crop was sold outside of Ukraine. The parameters of the efficiency of rapeseed and biodiesel production were optimized. Organizational-and-economic directions for increasing the efficiency of production and processing of rapeseed for biodiesel in Ukraine are proposed.
Originality / scientific novelty. The organizational-and-economic parameters of effective production and processing of rapeseed for biodiesel in the conditions of Ukraine are substantiated. For the first time, a scenario forecast for the development of rapeseed cultivation for 2030–2035 and recommendations for the implementation of forecast tasks in Ukrainian enterprises are developed.
Practical value / implications. The results of the research can be used in the practical activities of enterprises in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The implementation of the recommendations on rapeseed processing will make it possible to: improve the supply of biodiesel to enterprises in the conditions of the energy crisis; increase the number of jobs in the countryside and the income of enterprises; expand the volume of receipt of nutritionally valuable concentrated fodder for animal husbandry and, on this basis, increase grain resources for food purposes.
References
Zulauf C., Prutska O., Kirieieva E., Pryshliak N. Assessment of the potential for a biofuels industry in Ukraine. Problems and Perspectives in Management. 2018. Vol. 16. No. 4. Pp. 83–90. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.16(4).2018.08.
Mohd Noor C. W., Noora M. M., Mamata R. Biodiesel as alternative fuel for marine diesel engine applications: a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2018. Vol. 94. Pp. 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.05.031.
Fridrihsone A., Romagnoli F., Cabulis U. Environmental life cycle assessment of rapeseed and rapeseed oil produced in Northern Europe: a Latvian case study. Sustainability. 2020. Vol. 12. Is. 14. 5699. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145699.
Кернасюк Ю. Глобальний і внутрішній ринки ріпаку. Агробізнес сьогодні. URL: http://agro-business.com.ua/agro/ekonomichnyi-hektar/item/24923-hlobalnyi-i-vnutrishnii-rynky-ripaku.html.
Про схвалення Енергетичної стратегії України на період до 2050 року: Розпорядження Кабінету Міністрів України від 21.04.2023 р. № 373-р. URL: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-skhvalennia-enerhetychnoi-stratehii-ukrainy-na-period-do-2050-roku-373r-210423.
Top-10 rapeseed producing countries in 2022. Goldexim. URL: https://goldexim.net/news/top-10-rapeseed-producing-countries-in-2022.
Топ-10 культур з яких можна виробляти пальне в Україні. Промисловий портал. URL: https://uprom.info/news/agro/top-10-kultur-z-yakih-mozhna-viroblyati-palne-v-ukrayini.
Золотарьова О., Шнюкова Є. Куди прямує біопаливна індустрія? Вісник НАН України. 2010. № 4. С. 10–20. URL: http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/27246.
Шувар І. Переваги і недоліки біодизелю. Агробізнес сьогодні. URL: http://agro-business.com.ua/agro/idei-trendy/item/8374-perevahy-i-nedoliky-biodyzeliu.html.
Bełdycka-Bórawska A., Jankowski K. J., Rokicki T., Gostkowski M. Area under rapeseed cultivation as a factor differentiating the economic performance of biodiesel producers. Energies. 2021. Vol. 14. Is. 24. 8568. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248568.
Sokólski M., Jankowski K. J., Załuski D., Szatkowski A. Productivity, energy and economic balance in the production of different cultivars of winter oilseed rape. A case study in North-Eastern Poland. Agronomy. 2020. Vol. 10. Is. 4. 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040508.
Bórawski P., Bełdycka-Bórawska A., Szymańska E. J., Jankowski K. J. et al. Environmental and economic factors shaping efficiency of rapeseed farms in Poland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2019. Vol. 28. No. 1. Pp. 43–51. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/81680.
Zając T., Klimek-Kopyra A., Oleksy A., Lorenc-Kozik A. et al. Analysis of yield and plant traits of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivated in temperate region in light of the possibilities of sowing in arid areas. Acta Agrobotanica. 2016. Vol. 69. No. 4. https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.1696.
Groth D. A., Sokólski M., Jankowski K. J. A multi-criteria evaluation of the effectiveness of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization in different cultivars of winter rapeseed-productivity, economic and energy balance. Energies. 2020. Vol. 13. Is. 18. 4654. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13184654.
Stahl A., Pfeifer M., Frisch M., Wittkop B. et al. Recent genetic gains in nitrogen use efficiency in oilseed rape. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2017. Vol. 8. 963. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00963.
Catarino R., Bretagnolle V., Perrot T., Vialloux F. et al. Bee pollination outperforms pesticides for oilseed crop production and profitability. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Biological Sciences. 2019. Vol. 286. Is. 1912. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1550.
Li Q.,Wang C. An evaluation of Chinese rapeseed production efficiency based on three-stage DEA and Malmquist Index. Sustainability. 2022. Vol. 14. Is. 23. 15822. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315822.
Мельничук С., Малина Г. Сейфкрос – інновація компанії «Сингента», впевненість у результаті. Сингента Україна. URL: https://www.syngenta.ua/news/ripak-ozimiy/seyfkros-innovaciya-kompaniyi-singenta-vpevnenist-u-rezultati.
Borawski P., Bełdycka-Borawska A., Szymanska E. J., Jankowski K. J. et al. Development of renewable energy sources market and biofuels in the European Union. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019. Vol. 228. Pp. 467–484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.242.
Wozniak E., Waszkowska E., Zimny T., Sowa S. et al. The rapeseed potential in Poland and Germany in the context of production, legislation, and intellectual property rights. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2019. Vol. 10. 1423. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01423.
Kdidi S., Vaca-Medina G., Peydecastaing J., Oukarroum A. et al. Electrostatic separation for sustainable production of rapeseed oil cake protein concentrate: effect of mechanical disruption on protein and lignocellulosic fiber separation. Powder Technology. 2019. Vol. 344. Pp. 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2018.11.107.
Yang X., Liu Y., Bezama A., Thrän D. Two birds with one stone: a combined environmental and economic performance assessment of rapeseed-based biodiesel production. GCB Bioenergy. 2022. Vol. 14. Is. 2. Pp. 215–241. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12913.
Gebremariam, S. N., Marchetti, J. M. Economics of biodiesel production: review. Energy Conversion and Management. 2018. Vol. 168. Pp. 74–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.05.002.
Humeniuk M., Shelenko D., Nemish D., Balaniuk I. Improving the efficiency of agricultural entrepreneurship by processing rapeseed to biodiesel. Scientific Papers. Series «Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development». 2021. Vol. 21 Is. 3. Pp. 431–438. URL: https://managementjournal.usamv.ro/index.php/scientific-papers/2617-improving-the-efficiency-of-agricultural-entrepreneurship-by-processing-rapeseed-to-biodiesel#spucontentCitation49.
Калінчик М. В., Ільчук М. М., Новосельцева А. М. Розвиток підприємств олієжирового підкомплексу в системі євроінтеграції: моногр. Київ: ННЦ «ІАЕ», 2014. 224 с. URL: http://dglib.nubip.edu.ua/bitstream/123456789/54/1/Ilchuk_Rozvutok%20pidpruemstv.pdf.
Kaletnik H., Pryshliak V., Pryshliak N. Public policy and biofuels: energy, environment and food trilemma. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism. 2019. Vol. X. No. 3(35). Pp. 479–487. https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v10.3(35).01.
Калетнік Г. М., Климчук А. В., Мазур В. А. Перспективність і ефективність виробництва біодизельного палива в Україні із олійних культур. Економіка. Фінанси. Менеджмент: актуальні питання науки і практики. 2019. № 5. С. 8–16. https://doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-5.
Калетнік Г. М., Пришляк Н. В. Розвиток галузі біопалив як детермінанта сталого розвитку України. Економіка АПК. 2021. № 2. С. 71–80. https://doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202102071.
Світовий ринок біодизелю в 2022 році. АПК Інформ. URL: https://www.apk-inform.com/uk/exclusive/topic/1528162.
Один із найбільш інноваційних заводів з виробництва біодизелю в Європі з технологією RepCAT. UABIO. URL: https://uabio.org/news/uabio-news/13482.
Сільське господарство України за 2015 р.: стат. збірник. Держслужба статистики України. Київ, 2016. 360 с. URL: https://ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/publ7_u.htm.
Сільське господарство України за 2021 р.: стат. збірник. Держслужба статистики України. Київ, 2022. 221 с. URL: https://ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/publ7_u.htm.
Миколаєнко Т. Підвищення акцизу на біоетанол майже знищило виробництво альтернативних палив в Україні. UNN Українські національні новини. URL: https://www.unn.com.ua/uk/news/1610720-pidvischennya-aktsizu-na-bioetanol-mayzhe-znischilo-virobnitstvo-alternativnikh-paliv-v-ukrayini-t-mikolayenko.
Уніят Л. М. Організаційно-економічні засади інноваційного розвитку підприємств агропромислового бізнесу в конкурентному середовищі: моногр. Тернопіль: ТНЕУ, 2019. 586 с. URL: http://dspace.wunu.edu.ua/handle/316497/38486.
Біодизель з ріпаку: як виготовити, плюси, мінуси та ціна питання. Latifundist.com. URL: https://latifundist.com/cards/64-biodizel-z-ripaku-yak-vigotoviti-plyusi-minusi-ta-tsina-pitannya.
Уніят Л. М. Організаційно-економічне забезпечення інноваційного розвитку підприємств агропромислового бізнесу в умовах конкурентного середовища: автореф. дис. … доктора екон. наук: Тернопіль, 2020. 40 с. URL: http://dspace.wunu.edu.ua/bitstream/316497/38593/1/aref-uniat-na-sait.pdf.
References
Zulauf, C., Prutska, O., Kirieieva, E., & Pryshliak, N. (2018). Assessment of the potential for a biofuels industry in Ukraine. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 16(4), 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.16(4).2018.08.
Mohd Noor, C. W., Noora, M. M., & Mamata, R. (2018). Biodiesel as alternative fuel for marine diesel engine applications: a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 94, 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.05.031.
Fridrihsone, A., Romagnoli, F., & Cabulis, U. (2020). Environmental life cycle assessment of rapeseed and rapeseed oil produced in Northern Europe: a Latvian case study. Sustainability, 12(14), 5699. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145699.
Kernasiuk, Yu. (2022). Global and domestic rapeseed markets. Ahrobiznes sohodni. Available at: http://agro-business.com.ua/agro/ekonomichnyi-hektar/item/24923-hlobalnyi-i-vnutrishnii-rynky-ripaku.html.
Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2023), Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine “On approval of the Energy Strategy of Ukraine for the period until 2050”. Available at: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-skhvalennia-enerhetychnoi-stratehii-ukrainy-na-period-do-2050-roku-373r-210423.
Top-10 rapeseed producing countries in 2022 (2022). Available at: https://goldexim.net/news/top-10-rapeseed-producing-countries-in-2022.
Top 10 crops from which fuel can be produced in Ukraine (2018). Available at: https://uprom.info/news/agro/top-10-kultur-z-yakih-mozhna-viroblyati-palne-v-ukrayini.
Zolotarova, O., Shniukova, Ye. (2010). Where is the biofuel industry headed? Visnyk NAN Ukrainy, 4, 10–20. URL: http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/27246.
Shuvar, I. (2015). Advantages and disadvantages of biodiesel. Ahrobiznes sohodni. Available at: http://agro-business.com.ua/agro/idei-trendy/item/8374-perevahy-i-nedoliky-biodyzeliu.html.
Bełdycka-Bórawska, A., Jankowski, K. J., Rokicki, T., & Gostkowski, M. (2021). Area under rapeseed cultivation as a factor differentiating the economic performance of biodiesel producers. Energies, 14(24), 8568. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248568.
Sokólski, M., Jankowski, K. J., Załuski, D., & Szatkowski, A. (2020). Productivity, energy and economic balance in the production of different cultivars of winter oilseed rape. A case study in North-Eastern Poland. Agronomy, 10(4), 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040508.
Bórawski, P., Bełdycka-Bórawska, A., Szymańska, E. J., Jankowski, K. J. & Dunn, J. W. (2019). Environmental and economic factors shaping efficiency of rapeseed farms in Poland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 28(1), 43–51. https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/81680.
Zając, T., Klimek-Kopyra, A., Oleksy, A., Lorenc-Kozik, A., & Ratajczak, K. (2016). Analysis of yield and plant traits of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivated in temperate region in light of the possibilities of sowing in arid areas. Acta Agrobotanica, 69(4). https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.1696.
Groth, D. A., Sokólski, M., & Jankowski, K. J. (2020). A multi-criteria evaluation of the effectiveness of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization in different cultivars of winter rapeseed-productivity, economic and energy balance. Energies, 13(8), 4654. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13184654.
Stahl, A., Pfeifer, M., Frisch, M., Wittkop, B., & Snowdon, R. J. (2017). Recent genetic gains in nitrogen use efficiency in oilseed rape. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 963. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00963.
Catarino, R., Bretagnolle, V., Perrot, T., Vialloux, F., & Gaba, S. (2019). Bee pollination outperforms pesticides for oilseed crop production and profitability. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Biological Sciences, 286(1912). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1550.
Li, Q., & Wang, C. (2022). An evaluation of Chinese rapeseed production efficiency based on three-stage DEA and Malmquist Index. Sustainability, 14(23), 15822. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315822.
Melnychuk, S., & Malyna, H. (2018). Safecross is an innovation of the Syngenta company, confidence in the result. Syngenta Ukraine. Available at: https://www.syngenta.ua/news/ripak-ozimiy/seyfkros-innovaciya-kompaniyi-singenta-vpevnenist-u-rezultati.
Borawski, P., Bełdycka-Borawska, A., Szymanska, E. J., Jankowski, K. J., Dubis, B., & Dunn, J. W. (2019). Development of renewable energy sources market and biofuels in the European Union. Journal of Cleaner Production, 228, 467–484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.242.
Wozniak, E, Waszkowska, E., Zimny, T., Sowa, S., & Twardowski, T. (2019). The rapeseed potential in Poland and Germany in the context of production, legislation, and intellectual property rights. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10, 1423. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01423.
Kdidi, S., Vaca-Medina, G., Peydecastaing, J., Oukarroum, A., Fayoud, N., & Barakat, A. (2019). Electrostatic separation for sustainable production of rapeseed oil cake protein concentrate: effect of mechanical disruption on protein and lignocellulosic fiber separation. Powder Technology, 344, 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2018.11.107.
Yang, X., Liu, Y., Bezama, A., & Thrän, D. (2022). Two birds with one stone: a combined environmental and economic performance assessment of rapeseed-based biodiesel production. GCB Bioenergy, 14(2), 215–241. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12913.
Gebremariam, S. N., & Marchetti, J. M. (2018). Economics of biodiesel production: review. Energy Conversion and Management, 168, 74–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.05.002.
Humeniuk, M., Shelenko, D., Nemish, D., & Balaniuk, I. (2021). Improving the efficiency of agricultural entrepreneurship by processing rapeseed to biodiesel. Scientific Papers. Series. «Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development», 21(3), 431–438. Available at: https://managementjournal.usamv.ro/index.php/scientific-papers/2617-improving-the-efficiency-of-agricultural-entrepreneurship-by-processing-rapeseed-to-biodiesel#spucontentCitation49.
Kalinchyk, M., Ilchuk, M., & Novoselceva, A. (2014). Rozvytok pidpryiemstv oliiezhyrovoho pidkompleksu v systemi yevrointehratsii [Development of enterprises of oil and fat subcomplex in the system of European integration]. Kyiv, NSC «ІАЕ». Available at: http://dglib.nubip.edu.ua/bitstream/123456789/54/1/Ilchuk_Rozvutok%20pidpruemstv.pdf.
Kaletnik, H., Pryshliak, V., & Pryshliak, N. (2019). Public policy and biofuels: energy, environment and food trilemma. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, X(3(35)), 479–487. https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v10.3(35).01.
Kaletnik, H. N., Klymchuk, A. V., & Mazur, V. A. (2019). Prospects and efficiency of biodiesel production in Ukraine from oil crops. Ekonomika. Finansy. Menedzhment: aktualni pytannia nauky i praktyky, 5, 8–16. https://doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-5.
Kaletnik, H. M., & Pryshliak, N. V. (2021). Development of the biofuel industry as a determinant of sustainable development of Ukraine. Ekonomika APK, 2, 71–80. https://doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202102071.
The world biodiesel market in 2022 (2022). APK Inform. Available at: https://www.apk-inform.com/uk/exclusive/topic/1528162.
One of the most innovative biodiesel plants in Europe with RepCAT technology (2022). UABIO. Available at: https://uabio.org/news/uabio-news/13482.
State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2016). Agriculture of Ukraine for 2015. Available at: https://ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/publ7_u.htm.
State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2022). Agriculture of Ukraine for 2021. Available at: https://ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/publ7_u.htm.
Mykolaienko, T. (2016). The increase in the excise duty on bioethanol almost destroyed the production of alternative fuels in Ukraine. UNN Ukrainian national news. Available at: https://www.unn.com.ua/uk/news/1610720-pidvischennya-aktsizu-na-bioetanol-mayzhe-znischilo-virobnitstvo-alternativnikh-paliv-v-ukrayini-t-mikolayenko.
Uniiat, L. (2019). Orhanizatsiino-ekonomichni zasady innovatsiinoho rozvytku pidpryiemstv ahropromyslovoho biznesu v konkurentnomu seredovyshchi [Organizational and economic principles of innovative development of agro-industrial enterprises in a competitive environment]. Ternopil, TNEU. Available at: http://dspace.wunu.edu.ua/handle/316497/38486.
Rapeseed biodiesel: how to make it, pros, cons and the price of the question (2022). Latifundist.com. Available at: https://latifundist.com/cards/64-biodizel-z-ripaku-yak-vigotoviti-plyusi-minusi-ta-tsina-pitannya.
Uniiat, L. (2020). Organizational and economic support of innovative development of agro-industrial enterprises in a competitive environment (Abstract of PhD thesis). Ternopil National University of Economics, Ternopil. Available at: http://dspace.wunu.edu.ua/bitstream/316497/38593/1/aref-uniat-na-sait.pdf.
