Diet of Ukrainian citizens as a component of food security in the conditions of the martial law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51599/are.2024.10.01.10Keywords:
diet, main types of food products, food security, food safety, war.Abstract
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to establish the regularities of providing the diet of Ukrainian citizens with the main types of food products in the conditions of martial law by conducting a systematic analysis of the impact of various factors on the level of food security of the population of Ukraine and determining the dynamics of changes in consumer habits and access to a sufficient amount of quality food products in the conditions of russian-Ukrainian war.
Methodology / approach. To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: systemic and logical analysis, information synthesis method, generalisation of scientific publications, comparison, economic analysis and regression analysis. The survey was conducted using MS Forms Pro descriptive statistics, involving 21350 respondents to assess food security in Ukraine and the impact of various factors on food availability and quality.
Results. The survey found that a significant proportion of respondents (49 %) assessed the state of food security in Ukraine as average, noted the rise in food prices (78 %) and stressed the impact of this factor on their ability to provide themselves and their families with the necessary food rations (79 %). It was established that in 2022 there was a decrease in the growth rate of real wages relative to the cost of the food basket, due to a significant increase in inflation. As a result of the regression analysis it is found that the regression model explains 90 % of the dependence of the variation in the level of provision of citizens’ diets with the main types of food products on the variation of the nominal GDP and consumer spending, but there are still a small number of other factors that are not included in the model. Ukraine ranks 71st among 113 countries in 2022 according to the Global Food Security Index, and has significantly deteriorated its ranking compared to 2021 (58th place). It is found that according to the Global Food Security Index, there have been changes in average food expenditures, which in turn indicates the low solvency of the population in Ukraine. There is a sufficient amount of food on the market, but at the same time there is a problem of accessibility due to financial constraints of the population.
Originality / scientific novelty. The novelty of the obtained results is due to the solution of an important scientific task, where we first: presented the results of regression modelling, which allowed us to reflect the influence of factors on the provision of the diet of Ukrainian citizens with basic types of food; on the basis of a conducted survey, the state of food security in Ukraine was determined and the influence of various factors on the availability and quality of food products was established; formed political and practical recommendations for ensuring food security under martial law. The article further develops the study of the main indicators that determine the provision of the citizens’ ration with the main types of food products.
Practical value / implications. The results of the study can be used in the process of studying the peculiarities of food supply under martial law, which can become the basis for the development of strategies and programmes of state and humanitarian assistance to the population in the conditions of war.
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